كلية هندسة الطاقة والتعدين

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    Comparative Study on Different Sand/Binder Mixtures for Suitability in Metal Casting Operations
    (Sebha University, 2017) Morouj Omar Rajab, Houssien Mannaa Masoud, Ahmed Mohammed Asaleh Salem
    Sand casting refers to an object produced using the sand casting process. Sand castings are produced in specialized factories called foundries. It is known that over 70% of all metal castings are produced via sand casting process. Molds that are made of sand are relatively cheap, and sufficiently refractory for high temperature use. In addition to the sand, a suitable binder is mixed with the sand. The mixture is moistened, typically with water, but sometimes with other substances, to develop the strength and plasticity of the clay and to make the aggregate suitable for molding . This research offers a comparative study on the usability and suitability of different local sands and binders for metal casting operations. The aim was to examine three different properties that are necessary for sand casting. Four different types of sands and three binders were combined successfully in different design mixtures. The sands under study were Red sand (Ashkeda), white well sand, red well sand and silica sand (Zallaf). The binders used in the new mixtures were sugar solution, dates extract and local clay . To achieve the research aim, certain properties concerning sand casting were investigated which are; the mixture strength, thermal collapse temperature and sand texture analysis so that all results can be linked together to support the findings . The overall conclusion is that each type of our local sand require certain binder to give the best combination of properties required for metal casting operations. The best recommendation for sand/binder mixture for casting is (silica + clay) since this type tolerates a temperature of about 1100 ºc and compression strength of 700 N. The reason for this is that silica contain quartz element that has high melting point of about 1670 cº. The new second best mixtures was the sample with mixture of (the white well sand + dates extract). This type of sand/binder mixture can endure a temperature as high as 870 cº, and has a strength of 800 N. The third best choice for metal casting operation will be (Ashkida + dates extract). This type can withstand about 870 ºc and has failure strength of 750 N.
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    Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by using Carbimazole/Zn+2 system in NaCl medium
    (Sebha University, 2018) Alfitury salh alfitury, Ali Jumaa Ali Almabrouk,Seraj Mohammed Omar Burkan
    Corrosion is defined as the degradation of metallic materials under the effect of the environment. This is a surface reaction that propagates in progressive ways affecting the integrity of the material. Under the aggressive environment, corrosion leads to the formation of corrosion products, and to a progressive generalized or localized loss of matter. The use of inhibitor material is considered as a one way to protect the metal surface against corrosion. The inhibitor is chemically adsorbed on the surface of the metal and forms a protective thin film with inhibitor effect or by combination between inhibitor ions and metallic surface. Or, the inhibitor leads a formation of a film by oxide protection of the base metal. The current work was evaluated the corrosion inhabitation of carbon steel in NaCl solution by carbimazole\Zn system. the ability of carbimazole as a good corrosion inhibitor is enhanced slightly in presence of Zn+2 when the concentration of carbimazole increased and this may be attributed to the protective film formed on the metal surface was withstand the continuous attack of corrosive ions. Also, the formation of complex Fe-carbimazole/Zn+2 linkages on the anodic sites of the metal surface during the immersion time may play a role in the improvement in adsorption of inhibiter system via coverage more area of the metal surface which reduced the exposure of anode sites to the corrosive media. By using Langmuir isotherm model to identify the inhibitor mechanism performance, the values of linear correlation coefficient were found close to unity (1) suggested that the adsorption of the studied inhibitors follows Langmuir isotherm model. Generally, values of ∆𝐺°ads up to -9.7 KJ/mol are attributed to the electrostatic interaction between the inhibitor molecules and the metal surface (physical adsorption), whilst those at -10.6 KJ/mol or a little more negative are consistent with chemical bonding of the inhibitor to the sample (Chemisorptions).
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    Determine the effect of PVT parameters on the production of gas wells by using PROSPER software
    (sebha university, 2020-03-01) saleh, Ahmed; alkelani, Musab; Ofnayt, Saleh
    Production of oil and gas comes after several operations of drilling and completion such as (perforation, acidizing and swabbing ..etc). Thus protecting reservoir properties considered the most to produce hydrocarbon with less cost and long life . The production operations has several methods (natural and artificial). When natural production getting lower ,artificial lift takes place. Thereafter, Changing any reservoir parameters could effect the production quantity. This study focused on changing of temperature parameter, pressure, salinity and gas gravity on gas production by using PROSPER software. The study results shows increasing of temperature reduces the quantity of production, while increase of pressure increase the production of gas, also increase of gas gravity reduce the gas production, whereas the salinity has no effect on the gas production.
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    Effect of Partially Replacement or Partially Replaced Sand with Iron oxide P articles on Compression Strength of Concrete
    (Sebha University, 2019) AL-DAAWI, MUSTAFA AHMED
    Concrete is a heterogeneous material obtained by mixing cement paste (binder) with aggregates (filler), The later constitutes more than 80% of the concrete. Concrete is a macro-material strongly influenced by addition nano-properties such as iron oxide. One of the most important properties of hardened concrete is its compressive strength, which can be quantitatively measured. We have studied effects of different concentrations of hematite (5 to 25 gram weight) at 5 gram intervals) on compression strength of concrete. This work aims to evaluate the use of iron oxide (Hematite) in Portland cement concrete, as a replacement for local sand. Cement mortars with mix proportioning 1:3 were prepared. The water/cement ratio used was about 0.52 for all mix proportions. The compressive strength was measured after 14 days of completion of curing time. Results showed that the compressive strength of the concrete using iron oxide nanoparticles were not equivalent to that of the conventional concrete. Maximum decreasing in compressive strength was about 40%. According to the results of compression strength for conventional and incorporated specimen, the addition of iron oxide to concrete will decreases the compressive strength of concrete due to formation of porosity.
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    Energy storage of lead acid battery
    (Sebha University, 2017) Kawther A.a bdalrahim, Warda M. abdalrahman
    Batteries are storage energy everywhere, and they play a large role in making our modern life possible. Every day, new battery chemistries and designs are announced that offer very high energy densities, deliver high charge/discharge cycles. The lifespan of the battery depends on the quality of the battery manufacturer, and the materials first. But no matter how good the battery, the lifespan is ultimately up to the user, and how you use it. The Battery Energy Storage System is a key building block in the development of any smart grid system that incorporates photovoltaic power and/or wind power. In keeping with this battery proven track record of innovative technology, superior quality, and unmatched reliability. In this research we will study the benefit of the batteries and battery storage system in our life. This work will include types of batteries, construction and the design. After the design we will study the characteristics of the battery (charge/discharge, life).The lead acid battery is the one we chose in our research. These batteries are widely used in many applications.
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    Enhanced Oil Recovery By Using Nanoparticles
    (Sebha University, 2018) Abdelkareem Saleh Ali Eschweido, Moataz Abdullah Bashir Yusef Hamed Abdulqadir Al. mahdi Burkan
    There are three types of oil production energy operations, primary recovery, secondary recovery and enhanced oil recovery (EOR). EOR consider as the last stage for production operations. Where the EOR classify into many types such as gas injection, thermal injection, microbial EOR and chemical flooding. There are many types of chemical flooding such as polymer, surfactant, alkaline and nanoparticles EOR such as Iron Oxide (Fe2O3), Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) etc. In this study used Nanoparticles EOR Aluminum oxide (Al2O3). Nanoparticles EOR Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) used a spontaneous imbibition test for sandstone core samples after saturated of crude oil. A spontaneous imbibition test consisting of two scenarios of nanoparticle solution (Al2O3) with change temperature and compared with one scenario of distilled water. The spontaneous imbibition test was performed in this study at room temperature to oven temperature (30Co, 40Co, 50Co, 60Co, 70Co). The results shown that the process of improving the oil increases with the increase of the concentration of nanoparticle (Al2O3) and increase the temperature where the rate of oil recovery mixture with nanoparticles (Al2O3) at the concentration of 1% of nanotechnology is 76.04%.
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    EVALUATION AND DRIVING MECHANISM ANALYSIS ON SATURATED OIL RESERVOIRS BY USING PETROLEUM EXPERTS SOFTWARE (MBAL)
    (جامعة سبها, 2020-02-08) Ashpop, Abdul Wahid
    The field was selected to be the subject of a reservoir study in this project field is one of the fields located in the sirt basin and owned by the Arabic gulf company of Libya The main aim of my work is to determine the quantity of oil in place using (MBAL)software and evaluate the drive mechanism for this reservoir . the study includes maps . figures, tables ,and a report outlining the results. The results have shown that software petroleum experts (MPAL) the reservoir engineering interpret and predict the well production and efficiency of the reservoir, and know the measures used to improve the increase rate of production. In this report, we explain how the engineer conducts reservoir behavior and his ability to predict future production with the type of reservoir and its mechanism by using software petroleum expert (MBAL) .
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    Evaluation Filtration Properties of Water Based Drilling Fluid By using Nanoparticles "Magnesium aluminates Spinel" and "Barley Husk Ash"
    (Sebha University, 2019) Mahdi Mohammed Mahdi , Jaber Bashir Ali , Somaya Abdusalam Ehjaz Samar Hamed Ebrahim
    In this project , the problem of loss of drilling fluid was studied , and the waterbased drilling fluid test was also conducted to improve in filtration properties by using nanoparticles " magnesium aluminates spinel " and " barley husk ash" and evaluate the results obtained and compare them with previous study that has improved in filtration properties of water based drilling fluid by using nanocarboxymethyl cellulose , it is among recent studies that have been successful and have been applied. In addition, barley husk ash and magnesium aluminates spinel was chemically prepared by Sol-Gel , and conducting analysis ( FT-IR , XRD ) for magnesium aluminates spinel of reactants (Aluminum hydroxide , Magnesium Chloride hexa hydrate ) , and to compare them with the standard analysis of these materials to be sure of purity and storage method , and has also been conducting these analysis of the production materials to ensure the composition of the material and function groups by analysis ( FT-IR ) and crystalline structure by analysis ( XRD ) , and engineering calculations (Crystalline size , length of the cube side , density of through XRD , surface area of through XRD) , the filtration properties of the drilling fluid were then tested by filter press equipment , additional tests were conduced for other properties of the drilling fluid , including ( density , viscosity , gel strength , pH , yield point ) , the results obtained were evaluated and compared with result when using nanocarboxymethyl cellulose .
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    Groundwater Corrosivity and Scale Formation Tendency in the North-East Area of Sebha City (South of Libya)
    (Sebha University, 2018-01-01) Jomana Brkawy Mortoda, Duaa Hasan Alghol
    The aim of this study is to evaluate the ground well water corrosivity and/or tendency toward scale formation using physiochemical analysis data for water samples from selected groundwater wells in north-east Sabha area ( South of Libya ). The result of physiochemical properties , especially pH , conductivity , CO2 , hardness and alkalinity revealed that the water could be corrosive. The study of the groundwater by application of Langelier, Ryznar, Aggressiveness and Larson ( ratio between halides and sulphates to the alkalinity ) indexes revealed also that the water is corrosive and has low tendency for scale formation .
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    Improving The Fluid Loss Property of Sea Water to Be Used as Water Based Mud With Addition of Permaloss
    (Sebha University, 2018) Abdulsalam musbah Abdulsalam, Osama mohammed almaridh , Ali hamed mohammed
    Moreover, the viscosity , filtration & thickness of Mud cake reading in sea water base mud were better after adding different amounts of Permaloss and it becomes much better after adding 5 grams of the mention additive as it will decrease down in case of using 7 grams of it . Water base mud is one of the most common drilling fluids that are currently in use widespread on oil rigs based on platforms across the oceans and that refer to its characteristics in terms of high pressure and high temperature wells. They were configure to meet certain specifications under inexpensive economic conditions as these costs are usually comes from additives, methods of purification for some materials and transportation for these materials to platforms across the oceans. The objective of this thesis was to form a water base mud to be used on drilling rigs based on offshore platforms by using sea water after improving its fluid loss property with addition of (Permaloss). Good results were obtained from this thesis shows the possibility of using sea water as watery base mud . However, the Density & PH parameter reading in sea water base mud were much better and effectible with comparison of fresh water mud especially after adding the same amount of bentonite.
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    Improving the Properties of Sea Water to be used as Water Based Mud with the Addition of Carboxy Methyl Cellulose
    (Sebha University, 2017) Abdulhakim Ahmed Salem, ,Faraj Barka Gizo, Moaid-Alislam Mohammed Massoud
    Water-Based mud (WBM) and Oil-Based mud (OBM) are the most common drilling fluids currently used and both have several characteristics that qualify them for High pressure & temperature purposes. They are usually formulated to meet certain properties to enable them to carry out the basic intended functions. The most prevalent problem affecting the drilling fluids is the cost of additions that mixed with the mud to achieve several goals and to prevent pipe sticking and fluid losses. The objective of this research is to figure out the ability of using the sea water to formulate water base mud by adding varies amounts of the carboxy methyl cellulose with comparison with fresh water .
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    Investigating Local Alternative Materials by Using Commercial Water Loss Additives
    (Sebha University, 2018)
    The control of filtration during drilling operation is necessary so that the mud filtrate invasion to formations near the well bore is minimized. The filtration process of drilling fluids is controlled by adding water loss additives such as CMC or Starch polymers to the mud depending on the type of the mud. The cost of CMC or Starch material makes the necessity to search for locally alternative material to be used instead of these commercial water loss additives. The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of using Corchorus Olitorius, and other materials which is locally produced in variable Libya, as an alternative water loss additive for controlling the filtration process of water base muds. An experimental investigation was conducted in the laboratory to study the possibility of using this new material by adding different weights of materials to water base mud and comparing the mud filtration results with adding the same quantities of CMC to the same water base mud.d The concentrations of CMC as well as the Corchorus Olitorius and other material added to the original mud in are 2 g/L, 3 g/L and 5 g/L. the effect of each concentration on the filtration performance of the mud was investigated at different temperature used which are 70, 100 and 150 F. The experimental results indicated that the increased temperature has attributed to degradation of CMC molecules by the effect of heat added to the mud which is generated at high temperatures. It is recommended that in order to overcome the problem of the deficiency of CMC at elevated temperatures, highest quantities of CMC concentrations should be added to the mud. It was observed that the Corchorus Olitorius and other material gave lower API filtration volume compared those with original mud without additives but the API water loss volume of the Corchorus Olitorius and other material additives was higher than the re sales obtained with CMC additives.
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    INVESTIGATION THE PHYSICAL AND STRENGTH CHARACTRIZATIONS OF LOCAL WHEAT HUSK ASH CONCRETE
    (Sebha University, 2020-02-20) EMBAYA, MOHAMMED; AHMED, ABDULLAH; SALEH, ABDULLAH
    The objective of the study is to investigate the mechanical properties of high strength concrete with different replacement levels of ordinary Portland cement by Wheat Husk Ash. The standard cubes (30mm x 30mm x 30mm) were caste. The compressive strength at 28 days has been obtained. The results of the mechanical properties of the wheat husk ash at 28 days have shown quite encouraging and interesting results at both wheat husk ash replacement 15% and 20% in the grade of the concrete, with compressive strength enhancement about 16% and 11% respectively. Moreover, some other characterizations have been considered including, chemically combined water (CCW), bulk density and apparent porosity. The results of CCW showed that at 28 days of hydration the increase in the chemically combined water content becomes less significance since the hydration process was al mostly completed after 14 days of hydration. The bulk density decreases as the ash content increases due to the relatively lower densities of the ash compared with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). The apparent porosity behaves oppositely i.e., it increases as the ash content increased.
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    Ion Lithium battery
    (Sebha University, 2019) Khalid AbuaqilahMasoud, Amina Ahmed Saeed, RowidaAyoubAbdelkader
    Batteries are a major technological challenge in this new century as they are a vital method to make use of energy efficiently. Nowadays Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) appeared to be one of the most crucial energy storage technologies. Today’s Li-ion technology has conquered the portable electronic markets and still on the track of fast development. The success of lithium-ion technology will depend mainly on the cost, safety, cycle life, energy, and power, which are in turn determined by the component materials used for its fabrication. Accordingly, this review focuses on the challenges of organic based materials and prospects associated with the electrode materials. Specifically, the issues related to organic based batteries, advances and opportunities are presented. This review aims to summarize the fundamentals of the polymer-based material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and specifically highlight its recent significant advancement in material design, challenges, performance and finally its prospects. We anticipate that this Review will inspire further improvement in organic electrolyte materials and the electrode for the battery as energy device storages. Some of these concepts, relying on new ways to prepare electrode materials by the use of eco-efficient processes, on the use of organic rather than inorganic materials to overcome environmental issues associated with their use. Organic electrodes are essential for solid electrode batteries because they can make device cost-effective, allow flexibility, and can also enable the use of multivalent ions without the problems typically associated with inorganic compounds.
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