مجلة العلوم الطبية

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Referral for Diabetic Ophthalmopathy: Why and When ?
(Sebha University, 2002) Bhargava, Prabal
Many systemic diseases are associated with ocular manifestations. Diabetic Retinopathy is the leading cause of new blindness in adults. Considerable progress has been made for the detection and treatment of diabetic eye disease, helping to lift the threat of blindness from people with diabetes. Ophthalmological examination is extremely important since timely treatment reduces serious vision loss by up to 95%. Thus medical practitioners must be well aware of the clinical features of diabetic ophthalmopathy and the best time to refer these patients to Ophthalmologists.
Analysis of 580 Renal O.P.D Cases in 7th October Hospital Over 9 Months Period
(Sebha University, 2002) Amal I. Inbiek, A. Fatah Y. Zaied, Fathi M. Shebani Khaled M. Khattab
A retrospective study on 580 patients, was carried out at 7th October renal OPD over a 9 months period from 1.10.97 to 30.6.98 to know the pattern of renal disorders, in order to plan suitable medical preventive measures to decrease the incidence of some of them, with consequent effects on end stage renal disease (ESRD ) problem in the community. Analysis of the patients data showed that 76 patients of the total studied group (13.2%) had chronic renal failure (CRF) on conservative treatment (group 1) patients. The remaining 504 patients who constituted (86.8%) of the total studied group had normal RFT (group 2) patients. Diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension were diagnosed in a total of 49 patients of group I (64%) and a total of 88 patients of group 2 (17.5%). UTIs were diagnosed in a total of 378 patients of group 2 (75%). The overall UTIs uncomplicated and complicated cases were diagnosed in 386 patients of the total studied groups (67%) and female constituted (52%) of the total UTI cases. So the pattern of renal disorders in our patients, is similar to that seen in the other parts of the world with slight increase in prevalence rates of UTI, and chronic renal failure especially secondary to HBP and/or D.M
Stroke in South Libya
(Sebha University, 2002) Abdulqader M. Sufrani, Mutwakil G. Ahmed, Mohamoud Hussein Ali Faraj A. Shenib, Abdu Nnaser M. Musbah
Objective: To determine incidence and risk factors for stroke in the Fezzan region, South Libya. Setting: 2nd March Teaching Hospital, Sebha, South Libya. Methods: This was a prospective hospital-based study of stroke patients admitted to 2nd March Teaching Hospital during a period from January 2001 to December 2001. Results: Two hundred and thirty-two patients were admitted due to stroke during the study period to give an average annual incidence rate of 662 per 100000 deaths. One hundred and thirty patients (56%) were male. The mean age was 61± 16years. The 30-days case morality rate was 22.4%. A diagnosis of brain infarction was made in 182 patients (78.4%). Of the remainder, intracerebral hemorrhage accounted for 13.4% and subarachnosis hemorrhage for 3.4%. Among risk factors hypertension (66.3%) overshadowed the rest. Cardiac disease (34.3%) was the second common risk factor. Conclusion: The incidence of stroke is high in South Libya. Therefore, active programs need to be initiated to identify risk factors in the population at large. Upon identification effective therapy should be introduced and maintained.
Three Unusual Cases of Foreign Bodies in The Maxillofacial Region
(Sebha University, 2002) R EI-Gehani, M EI-Sheikh
Three case reports of rare type of foreign bodies in the oral cavity are presented. One is a catapult which a child was playing with and had a fall with the metal piece. The second is a fish harpoon which stuck in the patient’s lower jaw. The third case was a metallic bar of a car side mirror which was dislodged during road traffic accident and got inserted into the patient’s face. The localisation and management of the three foreign bodies are discussed here.
Trans-vaginal sonography: Is it helpful in differentiating benign from malignant ovarian tumours?
(Sebha University, 2002) Jaafar, Jamal. A.
Background: The ovary is unique in the range of tumours that may arise from it, and the numbers of malignant tumours from other primary sites that can metastasize to it. Ovarian cancer is largely asymptornatic in its early stages and the majority of patients are presented with advanced intra-abdominal diseases. Objectives: To find out if trans-vaginal sonography can be helpful in differentiating benign from malignant ovarian tumours. Material and method: Prospective study carried out at Al-Jamahirya Teaching Hospital, Department of Gynaecology, Benghazi in Libya. In 162 women with ovarian mass in the age group between 16-67years. Laparatomy was performed and the mass was subjected to histopathological examination. The value of the following trans-vaginal ultrasound features were assessed: the tumour size, unilateral or bilateral, unilocular or multilocular, thin or thick wall, solid areas, papillary projections, pelvic nodules and ascitis. Results: We found that the size of the tumour is not helpful to differentiate benign from malignant ovarian lesions. Other ultrasound features seen in malignant ovarian masses are: multilocular (44.4%)of malignant and (29.9%) of benign masses; papillary projections were present (55.6%) of malignant and (22.9%) benign lesions, bilateral masses seen in (44%) malignant and (27.8%) benign masses, solid areas were found in (77.8%) of malignant and (18.8%) of benign tumours, pelvic nodules were present in (66.6%) of malignant and (0%) of benign masses, while ascitis was found in (66.7%).of malignant and (0.7%) of benign masses. Conclusion: Trans-vaginal scaning was helpful in differentiating between benign and malignant ovarian tumours. Ovarian malignancy should always be considered when the mass is bilateral, multilocular, with thick wall solid areas. When pelvic nodules or ascitis is present in association with a pelvic mass, the mass is almost always malignant. But there is no guarantee that masses not having these features are not malignant or will not undergo malignant changes if ignored.
Albers – Shonberg Syndrome Oesteapetrosis
(Sebha University, 2002) A. S. Al-Hiti, M. Y. El-Khalifa, Abousaif Ali A. Alsharif Mohamoud Hussein Ali
Spectrophotometric Determination of Nefidipine in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Coupling Reactions
(Sebha University, 2002) Amal A. Aboolla, Salma El-ghadafi, Elaraoud Khalifa Asma El-Swayah
A sensitive spectrophotometric procedure was described for the determination of Nifedipine. The procedure is based on reduction of the nitro group, yielding free primary aromatic amine which could be diazotised and coupled to give red azo-dye with λ max at 510 nm and a violet with λ max at 555 nm with Bratton marschal and B- naphthol, respectively. The procedure was applied for determination of Nifedipine and Coracetene capsules with mean accuracies 100.9, 100.39 and 99.95, 100.5 respectively. The accuracy and precision of the suggested procedure were compared with the official method (B.P 1993) and the results obtained showed no significant difference between the two methods. Moreover the suggested method was more accurate, sensitive and precise compared to the official titrimetric procedure.
Prospective Study Of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Without Sedation
(Sebha University, 2002) Mehriz M. Ebrahim, Abdulhafid M. A. Zain, Khalifa M. Alayat
Endoscopy clinic of 2nd march hospital is the only endoscopic facility in the south of Libya, patients are referred for diagnosis and management of upper and lower gastrointestinal problems. As most the patients are travelling long distances and most of times are self-driving so sedation or anesthesia are not suitable for them. That fact and reviewing of some papers concerning endoscopy without sedation enhance us to adapt this procedure, and here we are assessing our results. 1406 patients attended the clinic in 3 years period, between may, 13th, 1999 till march, 12th, 2002, using end view Olympus gastroscope (GIF-Q) Tolerance of procedure, fear, anxiety, failure, and overall success, were assessed. Most of the patients complete the procedure, only twenty-three failures (1.6 %), while 1297 patients (92.2 %) complete the procedure comfortably, introductions of the endoscope were easy, there were no complications.
Rational Use of Blood and Blood Products in Libya
(Sebha University, 2002) Krovvidi C. RAJU, Abubaker Marouf MILAD,
Prevalence of Hepatitis B and/or Hepatitis C in 1 Haemodialysis Patients in Benghazi Renal Units
(Sebha University, 2002) Ramadan M. Bujazia Ali O. El-Fitouri, A. Fatah Y. Zaied, Hanan. M.T. Bugaigis. Yasmina. A Al-Sharaki, Mohamed. H. Khafifi
201 patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) on maintenance haemodialysis (H.D) program, from 7th October and Hawari hospital renal units were studied for the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) and or hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV Ab) by using the ELISA method (Hepanostika HbsAg unform II Organon Teknika) which qualitatively detects HbsAg subtypes ad and ay, and (UBI HCV EIA 4.0, United biochemical Inc. USA). It consists of synthetic peptides which correspond to the highly antigenic segments of HCV core regions (NS3, NS4, NS5) to detect HCV antibody. The study showed positive HbsAg results in 20 patients and positive HCV Ab in 133 patients and dual infections (HbsAg and HCV ab) in 23 patients with prevalence rates of 10%, 66.2% and 11.4% respectively. So the total prevalence rates for HbsAg and HCV antibody are 21% and 78% respectively. This study recommends more urgent preventive medical measures to be taken to decrease the prevalence rates of hepatitis B and or C viruses in HID units.
Typhoid Perforation of the Appendix: a Rare Clinical Entity
(Sebha University, 2002) Mahmood Hussein, Theophilus Bhushan, Ammer Irhuma
Bleeding and perforation of the intestine are the most major complications of typhoid fever. Perforation usually occurs in the 2nd or 3rd week of the illness. Common sites of perforations are ileum, jejunum and caecum in order of frequency but perforation can occur in any part of the gut at any time during the illness.
Review of 1068 Cases of Appendicectomies Admitted to Department of Surgery-Tripoli Central Hospital
(Sebha University, 2005) Ballot L, Aribi NH, Khamaira UA, Zurghani R, Abdii S, Shabi K,
Acute appendicitis is a very common surgical emergency and in spite of the advances in the diagnostic tools the diagnosis of acute appendicitis is based to a large extent on the clinical assessment. We studied the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in our set up. 1068 cases were retrospectively reviewed, the accuracy of our clinical diagnosis was about 86%, and the rate of normal appendicectomies was about 14%; the overall complication rate was about 11.8% and the mortality rate was 0.09%. The main complication was wound infection. Our drawbacks were mainly related to the lack of proper documentation about the location of the appendix and the reporting of mesenteric lymphadenitis and the very few appendices sent for histopathology.
Acute Appendicitis A Prospective Study Of 128 Cases In 2nd March Hospital-Sebha
(Sebha University, 2005) Amer Tawaty, Khalifa M. Alayat, Abdulhafid M. A. Zain Einass. M .Elhudairy
In a prospective study, 128 patients diagnosed as acute appendicitis were admitted to general surgery department of 2nd March hospital.72 were male, 56.25%, with mean age of 24.5 yrs and 56 were female, 43.75%, with mean age 23.5 yrs. Total mean age of 24 yrs range 4-66 yrs. 32 cases are perforated, 25%. 11 cases presented with periappendicular mass, 8.59%. 15 patients operated with normal appendix 12.8%. 7 patients developed wound infection 5.98%, all were perforated.
Study of 255 Laparotomies for Abdominal Injuries
(Sebha University, 2005) El Grew M, Aribi NH, Khamaira UA, Zurghani R Elarbi M, Zurghani H
Blunt abdominal trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among all age groups. We retrospectively reviewed 255 laparotomies for abdominal injuries admitted to trauma department, Tripoli Central Hospital in a period of 2 years 1998-1999. The age group affected and the cause of trauma, our results match well with others, sex incidence in our study, 90% Males and only 10% Female, other studies 70% Males and 30% Females. The rate of negative laparotomies is 9%. The spleen was the most frequently injured organs 31.3% followed by liver injury 21.9%. About 84% of patients operated within 6 hours from the time injury. The comparison between the suspected injuries and finding at surgery showed that clinical decision alone is not very accurate and we need to make use of the available investigation. This study showed a lacking of good case note documentation, and the very limited use of available investigative procedures in the management of abdominal injuries.
Scorpion Sting in Fezzan Area
(Sebha University, 2005) M. Y. El Khalifa, Mohamed M. Ahmed Farj O. Ma’tuq
The Pattern Of Bone Mineral Density In The Human Calcaneus
(Sebha University, 2005) Kamal Salih, Mohamed H Abd- El Latef,
The present study was performed on 21 pairs of cadaveric human calcaneal bones to determine the pattern of bone mineral density (BMD) and to correlate it with the biomechanical function of the calcaneal bone. The present results have demonstrated variations in the BMD in the defferent regions of the calcaneus. In lateral projection the anterosuperior region presented the highest BMD. The posterior region had the second highest BMD. The intermediate and anteroinferior regions presented the lowest BMD. The dorsal aspect of the whole calcaneus appeared denser than the planter aspect. In the dorsoplantar projection, the middle region had the highest BMD. The anterior region had the lowest BMD and the posterior region was nearly similar to that of the lateral projection. The lateral aspect of the whole calcaneus was denser than the medial aspect and the posterior aspect of the calcaneus was denser than the anterior aspect. The relationship between the bone density distribution of the calcaneal bones and their biomechanical function in the gait cycle is discussed.
Anthropological studies among Libyans of Fazzan Province: ABO and Rh Systems
(Sebha University, 2005) Amer A Irhuma , Kamal Salih, Omran M Abdrhman Bashir Elgadi
Background: ABO and RH D systems are related to ethnicity and diseases. Objectives: To study the ABO and Rh groups in Fazzan area where the population are of mixed origin. Setting: The 2nd March Hospital's blood transfusion unit. Material and Methods: The population in this study are those attending delivery room and Obstetric units and those who donate blood during the period between January 2003 and December 2003. Results: Blood group O is found to be the most frequent blood group in this study(48.2%): 50.4 % in male donors and 45.9 in female recipients. ORh+ is 42.4%in female recipients and 45.4% in male donors. On the other hand, the least frequent group is group AB (4.8%). The highest percentage of blood group O is found in Obari area (63.5%) and the least in Morzok (41%). About ninety two per cent (92.3%) of the donors are Rh positive, and 91% of the recipients are Rh positive. Both recipients and donors are 91.6 % Rh positive. Attendants with Rh negative were 8.4%: female recipient are 9% and male donors are 7.7%. There is no significant difference in the distribution of blood groups and Rh D system between male donors and female recipients. Conclusion: Our results show that the most frequent blood group in Libyans of Fazzan province is group O and is nearly similar to that of Africans. Blood group A is similar to that of Arabs and Africans. Blood group B is nearer to Africans more than Arabs. The least frequent blood group is AB which is similar to that of Africans. The study of blood groups in Libya is very important for Blood Banks and transfusion service policies. Knowledge of blood group phenotype distribution is also important for clinical studies (for example disease association) as well as for population studies
Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty in Patients with Medically Uncontrolled Open Angle Glaucoma
(Sebha University, 2005) Hamza M. Boaoud, Sabah S. El Dressi
AIMS: To assess the effectiveness of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT, a Q switched, frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser,  = 532 nm) in lowering the intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with medically uncontrolled open angle glaucoma attending the glaucoma clinic in the Great river eye hospital, Benghazi . Methods: A prospective clinical trial was designed. 25 Patients and 30 eyes with open Angle Glaucoma were set to treatment with SLT and were evaluated at 1 hour, 24 hours, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months post-laser. Results: There were 30 eyes in the SLT treatment group, the mean IOP at baseline, 1 hour, 1 week, and 3 months was 24.56 (SD 3.15), 27.6 (3.85), 27.0 (3.7), 23.8 (3,1), 20.8 (3.0), and 19.7 (2.59) mm Hg, respectively. There was a anterior chamber reaction, 1 hour after SLT in 18 eyes (p< 0.01) and one patient with hyphema. Conclusion: SLT appears to be an important and effective method in lowering intraocular pressures in patients with open angle glaucoma. There is a slightly marked post-laser anterior chamber reaction at 1 hour after SLT. These results are encouraging and suggest that SLT should be investigated further as an IOP lowering treatment in open angle glaucoma. These results need to be confirmed with a larger sample size.
Prospective study of trachoma in Benghazi, Libya.
(Sebha University, 2005) Ramirez Sebastian J.M. Triviño Casado A., Abdala Geilani A., Serrano Garijo M.P.,
Purpose: To prospectively study the incidence of trachoma in Benghazi and it’s relation to the sex, socio-economic state and geographic distribution. In addition, to determine the influence of this ocular pathology in the visual state of the patient. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 1450 Libyan citizens living in the city of Benghazi, Libya. Those subjects were the attendants of the ophthalmology outpatient central clinic and Red Crescent clinic. The subjects were submitted to full ophthalmological examination. The trachoma stages were defined according to McCallan classification. The visual acuity was determined according to WHO staging. The data was statistically analyzed. Results: Of all the subjects examined, 1.1% had active trachoma, 26.8% demonstrated healed trachoma almost always bilaterally. Trachoma complications were manifested in 5.7% as trichiasis and 9.4 as corneal opacity. 39.9% of the affected population had visual acuity between visual defect and legal blindness. Conclusion: Cicatricial trachoma constitute a relatively high percentage in ophthalmic patients in Benghazi, Libya, with grave complications and consequences. The disease has a high incidence in females, low socio-economic populations and rural areas.
The Triad of Death: (The concept of mechanism – cause – mode)
(Sebha University, 2005) El-Zentani, Othman

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